Frequently asked questions

Why are water-filters necessary?

What is osmosis?

Why are water-filters necessary?

During our lifetime we drink more than 200 kilograms of stones!

How does this sentence sound to you?We have to tell you that it is true. Our water is so hard that you could create 200 kilograms of stones if you would be able to isolate calculus from your glass of water before drinking.

Since we don't isolate calculus before drinking, it must be done by our organism. Our organism works hard and spends lots of energy,but many times it is not able to isolate it all. That's how kidney and bile stone are created. Blood vessels calcifies, blood pressure and sugare in organism increases and generally occur disorder in metabolism.

Scientific fact is that non-organic minerals does unrecoverable damage. How can we resist to that? Simply, by consuming clean,non-saturated healthy water. What is the best way to satisfy need for minerals in our body?

Our life delusion is to drink mineral water to satisfy our need for minerals in our organism. Unfortunately, our organism cannot absorb that sort of minerals,and even if it could be absorbed it would not be enough.

Let's assure ourselves in that theory on example of calcium : daily need for calcium in adult organism is 1000 milligrams.In one litre of mineral water there is 95 mg of calcium what means that we would have to drink 11 litres mineral water a day. Are you capable to drink 11 litres mineral water? On the other hand, in 100 grams of fresh cow's milk cheese there is 1200 mg of calcium, that is more than enough on daily basis. So is it easier to drink 11 litres of water or eat 100 grams of fresh cow's milk cheese? It is the same case with potassium,magnesium,iron etc.Need for minerals can be satisfied by nutrients from vegetable and animal source.

Minerals in nature come in two classes: organic and non-organic. Originally, they are all non-organic and can an be found in water,sand,rocks and soil. Plants absorb and transform them into organic shape which is acceptable for human organism. Our organism adopt only organic minerals.

What is water really? H2O! Two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen bounded into molecule of water. All that what comes out from our tap and it's not water, is crudeness. How does it come into water?

Water for drinking from our pipes hides numerous substances that are dangerous for our health, and first of them is chlorine. Scientific fact is that chlorine creates carcinogenic substances,so called trihalometan. Chlorine is used in water-supply for disinfection since year 1903, when there was all kinds of contagious diseases which can be transmited by water. Former experts believed that chlorine was aprropriate solution. In fact,chlorine does kill bacteria, but at the same time it has harmful effect on human organism, if it is consumed regularly by drinking water. In the end, first war-gas was based on chlorine and have killed thousands of people during First World War.

Liquid waste, pesticides and heavy metals can also be founded in water. Unfortunately, those harmful substances are dissolved in water, so we are not aware of presence of those substances. There are numerous harmful substances and gases which together with acid rain return to Earth.Those acid rains could be so agressive that their effect can be noticed easily. Sometimes they damage automobile lacquer. After returning to Earth, acid rain purifies all kinds of pollutions, dissolutes and carries them into the underground water sediment.

Land fills which are not adequately assorted also represent huge resource of harmful substances. In Croatia there are only about twenty legal land fills, and countless illegal ones next to forests and roads. Beside land fills, water carries artificial fertilizers and pesticides from agricultural areas to underground area. Rivers are also full of industrial waste waters. All that goes into underground water areas from which our drinking water is extracted.

We will list some pollution resources :

about 2.6 million kilograms of nitrogen compounds, nitrates and nitrits, 2.5 million kilograms of zinc and 3700 kilograms of lead pollute the ocean on yearly basis
there is 1,5 million kilograms artifical fertilizers in use in agriculture
more than 1 milliard liters of canalization chemicals entry into rivers and lakes
in use is more than 120 million kilograms of detergent
lead, chlorine vinyl and other carcinogenic substances in water-pipes have huge effect on quality of drinking water.

In Croatia finally evolves public awareness about water pollution issues. Recently,there is also more discussons about those isssues in medias.

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What is osmosis?

Reverse osmosis, also known as hyper-filtration, is most thorough way of filtraton.

This process enables isolation of the smallest granules from water. Reverse osmosis is used for clearing water, isolating inorganic minerals,salts and other substances solvable in water, improving appearance, taste and other characteristics of water. That is the way to get high-quality water which satisfy the most demanding specifications.

After all known kinds of filtration: industrial filtration, boiling and chlorinating, a new technically thorough way of filatrating the water was found. It was reverse osmosis. Membrane used in this method has so little gaps that only clear molecules of water can run through them. All crudeness remain on membranes and goes to drain as technical waste water. This way of clearing makes water as high-quality drinking water and can be used in medical purposes. In this process we use semipermeable membrane which filter water and isolate polluted substances.

The proccess of osmosis is used by plants in nature, they extract nutrients from soil,which is uncompressive environment, and transfer them through semipermeable membranes until the last leaf on the top of the plant. Reverse osmosis is something opposite: from compressive environment,such is water supply line, through semipermeable membranes water flows without pressure. Namely, gaps on semipermeable membrane are so little that membrane can retain most of contaminated substances,even molecular compounds. The size of the smallest known bacteria is 0.2 microns, of the smallest viruse is 0.002 mikrons and size of gap on the semipermeable membrane is 0.0005 mikrons. From this comparison you can see that even the smallest bacteria or virus cannot pass through gap on this membrane.

When water together with contaminated substances come to the osmotic membrane, flow is dispersed in two parts: penetration part which penetrate through membrane gaps and represent high-quality water, and concentrated part which goes into drain as technical waste water.

Deficiency of particular technology and materials for production of semipermeable membranes with approximate parameters is reason why that technology is in use just from year 1959. In 1960's technology of reverse osmosis was used only in military and NASA's projects. Dynamic development in chemistry in 1970's caused using semipermeable membranes for filtrating water in households.

Today reverse osmosis contribute the most to helathy way of living,and also hel to economize water resources,so this invention is considered as one of the biggest techological breakpoint in this century.

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